Treatment | Brazilin (from Caesalpinia sappan) | physical function | reproductive function | physiological function | healthspan biomarkers | lifespan | Transcriptome | Proteome | Metabolome | Target | Reference | blinded | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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CID (PubChem) | 73384 | ChEMBL | pharyngeal pumping | locomotion on solid media | body length / growth rate | number of offspring | heat stress resistance | oxidative stress resistance | osmotic stress resistance | ROS level | activity / quantity / expression of HSPs | activity / quantity / expression of SODs | mean lifespan | maximum lifespan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concentration | Exposure time | Food | Growth medium | Special additives | C. elegans strain | Temperature | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | ||||||
50 µM | whole life; start: egg stage | OP50 | NGM agar | N2 (wild type) | 20°C | none | no | A4 and A8 | up | 4.40 | yes | A8; no significant changes at A4 | none | no | none | no | up | 16.70 | yes | A4; stressor: 36°C; endpoint: mean survival; also increased maximum lifespan | up | 46.40 | yes | A7; stressor: 900 µM juglone; endpoint: mean lifespan; also increased maximum lifespan | up | no | A3; stressor: 500 mM NaCl for 12 h; endpoint: survival | down | yes | A4; pre-exposed to 50 µM juglone for 2 h; measured via H2DCF-DA | up | yes | A5; activity of SOD | up | 11.30 | yes | up | 11.76 | n.d. | HSP-16.2 and SOD-3 | Lee EB, Xing MM, Kim DK (2017) Lifespan-extending and stress resistance properties of brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan in Caenorhabditis elegans. Arch Pharm Res 40, 825-835. | |||||||||||||||||||
100 µM | whole life; start: egg stage | OP50 | NGM agar | N2 (wild type) | 20°C | variable | no | A4 and A8 | up | 5.90 | yes | A8; no significant changes at A4 | none | no | down | no | up | 32.60 | yes | A4; stressor: 36°C; endpoint: mean survival; also increased maximum lifespan | up | 97.10 | yes | A7; stressor: 900 µM juglone; endpoint: mean lifespan; also increased maximum lifespan | up | yes | A3; stressor: 500 mM NaCl for 12 h; endpoint: survival | down | -10.40 | yes | A4; pre-exposed to 50 µM juglone for 2 h; measured via H2DCF-DA | up | yes | A5; activity of SOD | up | 17.90 | yes | up | 17.65 | n.d. | Lee EB, Xing MM, Kim DK (2017) Lifespan-extending and stress resistance properties of brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan in Caenorhabditis elegans. Arch Pharm Res 40, 825-835. | |||||||||||||||||||
50 µM | whole life; start: egg stage | OP50 | NGM agar | CF1553 {muIs84 [(pAD76)sod-3p::GFP + rol-6(su1006)]} | 20°C | up | yes | A3; expression of sod-3; measured via fluorescence | Lee EB, Xing MM, Kim DK (2017) Lifespan-extending and stress resistance properties of brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan in Caenorhabditis elegans. Arch Pharm Res 40, 825-835. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
100 µM | whole life; start: egg stage | OP50 | NGM agar | CF1553 {muIs84 [(pAD76)sod-3p::GFP + rol-6(su1006)]} | 20°C | up | 19.30 | yes | A3; expression of sod-3; measured via fluorescence | Lee EB, Xing MM, Kim DK (2017) Lifespan-extending and stress resistance properties of brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan in Caenorhabditis elegans. Arch Pharm Res 40, 825-835. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
50 µM | whole life; start: egg stage | OP50 | NGM agar | CL2070 {dvIs70 [hsp-16.2p::GFP + rol-6(su1006)]} | 20°C | up | yes | A3; pre-exposed to 36 °C for 2 h; measured via fluorescence | Lee EB, Xing MM, Kim DK (2017) Lifespan-extending and stress resistance properties of brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan in Caenorhabditis elegans. Arch Pharm Res 40, 825-835. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
100 µM | whole life; start: egg stage | OP50 | NGM agar | CL2070 {dvIs70 [hsp-16.2p::GFP + rol-6(su1006)]} | 20°C | up | 36.00 | yes | A3; pre-exposed to 36 °C for 2 h; measured via fluorescence | Lee EB, Xing MM, Kim DK (2017) Lifespan-extending and stress resistance properties of brazilin from Caesalpinia sappan in Caenorhabditis elegans. Arch Pharm Res 40, 825-835. |