Treatment | Ginkgo biloba leaf extract EGb 761 | cognitive function | physical function | physiological function | healthspan biomarkers | lifespan | Transcriptome | Proteome | Metabolome | Target | Reference | blinded |
CID (PubChem) | 64927 | ChEMBL | | | | | chemotaxis | | | | pharyngeal pumping | | | | locomotion on solid media | | | | locomotion on solid media | | | | heat stress resistance | | | | oxidative stress resistance | | | | ROS level | | | | activity / quantity / expression of HSPs | | | | activity / quantity / expression of HSPs | | | | muscle integrity | | | | median lifespan | | | | mean lifespan | | | | maximum lifespan | | | | | | | | | |
Concentration | Exposure time | Food | Growth medium | Special additives | C. elegans strain | Temperature | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | Change compared to control | Percentual change compared to control | p < 0.05 | notes | | | | | | |
100 µg/ml | whole life; start: A1 | OP50 | NGM agar | | N2 (wild type) | 22 °C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | up | 25.00 | yes | A1; Stressor: 35°C; 7.69% increase in maximum survival | up | 33.00 | yes | A1; Stressor: 472 µM Juglone; 17% increase in maximum survival; increased survival also in wild type worms after 40 µM Juglone exposure | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | up | 8.33 | yes | significance was determined for mean lifespan (log rank test) | | | | | up | 11.11 | | | | | | | Wu Z, Smith JV, Paramasivam V, Butko P, Khan I, Cypser JR, Luo Y (2002) Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 increases stress resistance and extends life span of Caenorhabditis elegans. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 48, 725-731. | |
100 µg/ml | whole life; start: A1 | OP50 | NGM agar | | TK22 [mev-1(kn1)] | 22 °C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | up | 11.00 | yes | A1; Stressor: 35°C; 15.38% increase in maximum survival | up | 33.00 | yes | A1; Stressor: 472 µM Juglone; 20% increase in maximum survival | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Wu Z, Smith JV, Paramasivam V, Butko P, Khan I, Cypser JR, Luo Y (2002) Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 increases stress resistance and extends life span of Caenorhabditis elegans. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 48, 725-731. | |
100 µg/ml | whole life; start: L1 | OP50 | NGM agar | | CL2070 {dvIs70 [hsp-16.2p::GFP + rol-6(su1006)]} | 20°C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | up | 224.00 | n.d. | A1; Stressor: 35°C for 15 h | up | 21.74 | n.d. | A1; Stressor: 160 µM Juglone | down | -24.00 | yes | A1; H2O2-related ROS-level | down | -33.33 | yes | A1; measured by fluorescence intensity after heat shock (35°C for 2 h) | down | -86.11 | yes | A1; measured by fluorescence intensity after oxidative stress (40 µM juglone for 24 h); Percentual change = -66.67% when EGb 761 & juglone treatment start simultaneously; Percentual change = -50.00% when EGb 761 treatment start after juglone treatment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Strayer A, Wu Z, Christen Y, Link CD, Luo Y (2003) Expression of the small heat-shock protein Hsp16-2 in Caenorhabditis elegans is suppressed by Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761. FASEB J 17, 2305-2307. | |
100 µg/ml | whole life; start: L1 | OP50 | NGM agar | | PD4251 {dpy-20(e1282); ccIs4251 [(pSAK2) myo-3p::GFP::LacZ::NLS + (pSAK4) myo-3p::mitochondrial GFP + dpy-20(+)]} | 20°C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | up | 8.37 | yes | age-associated muscle cellular deterioration measured by fluorescence; significant changes only in A10, not in A4, A7, and A15; Electron microscopy didn't show remarkable changes in body wall muscle cells in A11 | up | 13.33 | n.d. | | up | 9.00 | yes | | | | | | | | | | Cao Z, Wu Y, Curry K, Wu Z, Christen Y, Luo Y (2007) Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 and Wisconsin Ginseng delay sarcopenia in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 62, 1337-1345. | |
100 µg/ml | whole life; start: L1 | OP50 | NGM agar | | N2 (wild type) | 20°C | | | | | up | | yes | A11; unchanged in A8 and A14; slightly decreased (not significant) in A5 | up | | yes | A3-A15; Fraction of worms moving sinusoidal after prodding or spontaniously; significant changes in A7, A9, and A11 | up | | no | Slightly increased (not significant) in A5, A11, A14; unchanged in A8; measured by counting body bends | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Cao Z, Wu Y, Curry K, Wu Z, Christen Y, Luo Y (2007) Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 and Wisconsin Ginseng delay sarcopenia in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 62, 1337-1345. | |
10 µg/ml | whole life; start: L1 | OP50 | NGM agar | | N2 (wild type) | 20°C | | | | | | | | | up | | n.d. | A3-A15; Fraction of worms moving sinusoidal after prodding or spontaniously | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Cao Z, Wu Y, Curry K, Wu Z, Christen Y, Luo Y (2007) Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 and Wisconsin Ginseng delay sarcopenia in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 62, 1337-1345. | |
500 µg/ml | whole life; start: L1 | OP50 | NGM agar | | N2 (wild type) | 20°C | | | | | | | | | up | | n.d. | A3-A15; Fraction of worms moving sinusoidal after prodding or spontaniously | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Cao Z, Wu Y, Curry K, Wu Z, Christen Y, Luo Y (2007) Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 and Wisconsin Ginseng delay sarcopenia in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 62, 1337-1345. | |
1 mg/mL | whole life; start: egg stage | OP50 | NGM agar | Gentamycin | CL4176 {smg-1(cc546); dvIs27 [myo-3p::A-Beta (1-42)::let-851 3'UTR) + rol-6(su1006)]} | 20°C | | | | | | | | | up | | yes | L3; temperature shift to 23°C prior analysing beta-amyloid induced paralysis | | | | | | | | | | | | | down | | yes | A1; temperature shift to 23°C 30h prior measurement | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sangha, J. S., Sun, X., Wally, O. S., Zhang, K., Ji, X., Wang, Z., ... & Zhang, J. (2012). Liuwei Dihuang (LWDH), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, protects against β-amyloid toxicity in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One, 7(8). | |
1 mg/mL | whole life; start: egg stage | OP50 | NGM agar | Gentamycin | N2 (wild type) | 20°C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | up | | yes | L4; stressor: 300 µM juglone; endpoint: survival | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sangha, J. S., Sun, X., Wally, O. S., Zhang, K., Ji, X., Wang, Z., ... & Zhang, J. (2012). Liuwei Dihuang (LWDH), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, protects against β-amyloid toxicity in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One, 7(8). | |
100 µg/ml | whole life; start: egg stage | OP50 | NGM agar | | N2 (wild type) | 20°C | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | up | 29,4 | yes | | up | 31,9 | yes | | | | | | | | | | Keowkase, R., Shoomarom, N., Bunargin, W., Sitthithaworn, W., & Weerapreeyakul, N. (2018). Sesamin and sesamolin reduce amyloid-β toxicity in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 107, 656-664. | |
100 µg/ml | whole life; start: L1 | OP50 | NGM agar | | CL4176 {smg-1(cc546); dvIs27 [myo-3p::A-Beta (1-42)::let-851 3'UTR) + rol-6(su1006)]} | 16°C | | | | | | | | | up | 5,2 | yes | L4; temperature upshift to 25°C at L3; paralysis assay | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Keowkase, R., Shoomarom, N., Bunargin, W., Sitthithaworn, W., & Weerapreeyakul, N. (2018). Sesamin and sesamolin reduce amyloid-β toxicity in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 107, 656-664. | |
100 µg/ml | whole life; start: L1 | OP50 | NGM agar | | CL2355 {smg-1(cc546); dvIs50 [pCL45 (snb-1::Abeta 1-42::3' UTR(long) + mtl-2::GFP]} | 16°C | up | | yes | L4/A1; temperature upshift to 25°C at L3; attractant: benzaldehyde | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Keowkase, R., Shoomarom, N., Bunargin, W., Sitthithaworn, W., & Weerapreeyakul, N. (2018). Sesamin and sesamolin reduce amyloid-β toxicity in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 107, 656-664. | |